African Regional Economic Communities: The potential of free movement protocols in enhancing refugees’ access to rights and advancing solutions

This research paper provides a legal analysis of free movement protocols adopted by African Regional Economic Communities (RECs) and assesses their potential to enhance refugees’ access to rights and support durable solutions. It compares REC frameworks with national refugee laws, examines legal and practical barriers—particularly documentation requirements—and identifies opportunities to leverage regional mobility regimes for residence, employment, and complementary pathways. The study also reviews selected country practices and offers recommendations on aligning free movement protocols with international protection standards.