Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa

 

Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa

A

Situation in South Africa and Assistance to Liberation Movements

The General Assembly, Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid, Recalling its resolution 40/64 B of 10 December 1985, Reaffirming that the international community, and the United Nations in particular, have a special responsibility to assist the people of South Africa and their liberation movements in their heroic struggle against apartheid and for the full exercise of their right to self-determination within a united, democratic and non-racial South Africa, Gravely concerned at the institutionalized and continuing escalation of the reign of repressive and increasing state terror by the racist regime, the maintenance of the state of emergency, the virtually limitless powers of the police and security forces to arrest, detain, torture and kill opponents of apartheid, the use of regime-sponsored death squads and vigilantes to spread fear as well as the establishment and operation of "reorientation camps" by the racist regime to attempt brainwashing former detainees into acquiescence, Gravely concerned at the increasing use of capital punishment by the racist regime against freedom fighters and patriots and their execution in defiance of international protests and appeals, and alarmed that the racist regime is now applying collective death penalties as in the case of the six Sharpeville patriots sentenced for opposing the imposition of the "new constitution" in September 1984, Noting with indignation that the apartheid regime is persisting with its policy of "bantustanization" aimed at further uprooting the oppressed people of South Africa, dispossessing it of its inalienable rights, depriving it of citizenship and fragmenting the country, Gravely concerned, in this regard, that the Pretoria racist regime has continued its odious practice of forced removals, Deploring the imposition of censorship and other restrictions on the media by the racist regime, in particular on press reports and the transmission of audio-visual material, aimed at concealing the ruthless atrocities perpetrated by the apartheid regime from world public opinion, Reaffirming the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa and their right to choose all available means, including armed struggle, for the total eradication of apartheid, Noting with grave concern the escalation of the aggression, state terrorism, and destabilization through political subversion and economic blackmail by the apartheid regime against independent African States, Stressing that the racist apartheid regime is the root cause of the conflict in southern Africa, and that as long as it exists there will be neither peace in the region, nor security for any country nor true independence for Namibia, and that it must, therefore, be eradicated, Recognizing the continued collaboration with and active support of the racist regime by certain Western and other Governments, transnational corporations, banks and other financial institutions as a major obstacle to the efforts of the oppressed people of South Africa and the international community for the total eradication of apartheid,

1. Strongly condemns once again the policies and practices of apartheid of the racist regime of South Africa, in particular its brutal oppression, repression and genocidal violence against the people of South Africa;

2. Reaffirms its full support to the people of South Africa in their struggle, under the leadership of their national liberation movements, for the total eradication of apartheid, so that they can exercise their right of self-determination in a free, democratic, unfragmented and non-racial South Africa;

3. Commends the people of South Africa and the liberation movements for their heroic and sustained struggle against the apartheid regime and reaffirms the legitimacy of their struggle as well as their right to choose the necessary means, including armed struggle, to attain their noble objectives;

4. Commends the trade unions, student associations, women's organizations and other mass organizations in South Africa that have associated themselves with the struggle of the people for the elimination of apartheid in the face of the onslaught by the regime;

5. Commends the independent African States in southern Africa for their tremendous sacrifices and for their continuing support to the people of South Africa and their liberation movements;

6. Strongly condemns the continued and increasing use of capital punishment against freedom fighters and patriots, and their execution in defiance of international protests and appeals;

7. Demands that existing death sentences against and further executions of freedom fighters and patriots be annulled and halted, and that the six Sharpeville patriots be released immediately;

8. Demands once more that captured freedom fighters in South Africa be treated as prisoners of war in accordance with Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949;

9. Further demands the immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners and detainees in South Africa, including Nelson Mandela and Zephania Mothopeng;

10. Vehemently condemns the racist regime of South Africa for its continued illegal occupation of Namibia and its escalation of aggression, state terrorism, and destabilization through political subversion and economic blackmail against independent African States;

11. Condemns the continued collaboration with the apartheid regime by Governments of certain Western and other countries, transnational corporations, banks and other financial institutions, which gives encouragement to the racist regime in its repression of the legitimate struggle of the people and in its defiance of the demand of the international community for the total eradication of apartheid;

12. Affirms the view that the occupation of southern Angola by the racist regime was in large part facilitated by the policies pursued by the United States Administration in the region, especially its support for the armed criminal bandits of the Unicao Nacional para a Independencia Total de Angola and its policies of "constructive engagement" and "linkage";

13. Strongly condemns the state of emergency in South Africa and requests that the international community exert maximum pressure on the apartheid regime, including comprehensive and mandatory sanctions, as the most appropriate, effective and peaceful means available for the elimination of apartheid, the liberation of Namibia and the maintenance of peace in southern Africa, in order to attain the total eradication of apartheid, and especially press on:

(a) Immediate lifting of the state of emergency;

(b) Immediate withdrawal of racist troops from and around the townships;

(c) Immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners, including those detained under the state of emergency;

(d) Immediate end to repression, violence and terror in South Africa;

(e) Abrogation of bans on political organizations;

(f) Immediate and unconditional guarantee for the safe return of South African political exiles who have been arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter their own country;

(g) Cessation of all military, political and economic action aimed at destabilizing independent African States, and respect for their independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity;

14. Strongly condemns the continued forced removals of black communities by the Pretoria racist regime;

15. Appeals to all States, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, mass media, city and other local authorities as well as individuals urgently to increase political, economic, educational, legal, humanitarian and all other forms of necessary assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their national liberation movements;

16. Also appeals to all States and intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations to step up material, financial and other forms of support to the front-line and other member States of the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference and to assist them in resisting the aggression, state terrorism and destabilization through political subversion and economic blackmail by the racist regime;

17. Decides to continue the authorization of adequate financial provision in the regular budget of the United Nations to enable the South African liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity -namely, the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania - to maintain offices in New York in order to participate effectively in the deliberations of the Special Committee against Apartheid and other appropriate bodies.

B

Comprehensive and Mandatory Sanctions against the Racist Régime of South Africa

The General Assembly, Recalling and reaffirming its resolution 40/64 A of 10 December 1985, Recalling its relevant resolutions and those of the Security Council calling for concerted international action to force the racist regime of South Africa to start eliminating apartheid, Reaffirming that apartheid is a crime against humanity and a threat to international peace and security, and that the United Nations has a primary responsibility to assist in efforts to eliminate it without further delay, Reaffirming its support to the struggle of the people of South Africa for the exercise of their right to self-determination and for the establishment of a democratic, united and non-racial South Africa, Gravely concerned at the intransigence of the apartheid regime and its escalation of violence against the oppressed people of South Africa, its continued illegal occupation of Namibia, its acts of aggression, internal and external state terrorism, and destabilization through political subversion and economic blackmail against independent African States, Noting that continued political, economic, military, cultural and other forms of collaboration with the racist regime of South Africa bolster the regime in its attempt to break its international isolation, thus encouraging it to persist in its defiance of world public opinion and to escalate its repression, aggression and destabilization, Reaffirming its conviction that the imposition of comprehensive and mandatory sanctions by the Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations is the most appropriate, effective and peaceful means by which the international community can aid the legitimate struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa, and by which the United Nations will discharge its responsibilities for the maintenance of international peace and security, Deploring the fact that certain Western permanent members of the Security Council have prevented the Council from adopting comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against South Africa under Chapter VII of the Charter, Expressing its grave concern at the continued violation of the mandatory arms embargo adopted by the Security Council in its resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977 as well as the nuclear collaboration by certain Western States and Israel with the racist regime of South Africa, Welcoming action taken by legislative bodies, municipalities and other government institutions as well as universities, churches, labour unions, and student and women's groups to promote divestment from corporations and financial institutions that are collaborating with South Africa,

1. Endorses the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid and the Declaration adopted by the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa;

2. Strongly condemns the racist regime of South Africa for its brutal repression and violence against the oppressed people of South Africa, its illegal occupation of Namibia and its repeated acts of aggression, state terrorism and destabilization through political subversion and economic blackmail against independent African States;

3. Condemns the policy of "constructive engagement" and similar policies of appeasement that have ignored the reign of terror by the racist regime and encouraged its illegal occupation of Namibia and aggression against independent African States;

4. Condemns the activities of those transnational corporations and financial institutions that have continued to collaborate with South Africa;

5. Calls upon the Security Council urgently to take action under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations with a view to applying comprehensive and mandatory sanctions against South Africa and urges the Governments of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and others that are opposed to the application of comprehensive and mandatory sanctions to reassess their position and facilitate the application of those sanctions by the Security Council;

6. Urges the Security Council to adopt measures to strengthen the mandatory arms embargo adopted by its resolution 418 (1977), in accordance with the relevant recommendations contained in the Final Declaration of the International Seminar on the United Nations Arms Embargo against South Africa, held in London from 28 to 30 May 1986;

7. Requests all States that have not yet done so, pending action by the Security Council, urgently to adopt legislative and other comparable measures to ensure the total isolation of South Africa;

8. Calls upon Member States to exclude the South African regime from all organizations within the United Nations system where this has not already been done;

9. Calls once again upon the International Monetary Fund urgently to terminate credit and other assistance to the racist regime of South Africa;

10. Further calls upon all organizations within the United Nations system to ensure the total isolation of South Africa and of transnational corporations, banks, financial and other institutions that are collaborating with South Africa;

11. Requests the Secretary-General to continue his efforts to ensure compliance by the United Nations system with paragraph 15 of General Assembly resolution 40/64 A;

12. Requests the Secretary-General, bearing in mind paragraph 15 of resolution 40/64 A, to undertake a study on the relationship of various specialized agencies, bodies and organizations of the United Nations system with banks and financial institutions that conduct business in or with entities in South Africa.

C

Relations between Israel and South Africa

The General Assembly, Reaffirming its resolutions on relations between Israel and South Africa, Having considered the special report of the Special Committee against Apartheid on recent developments concerning relations between Israel and South Africa, Taking note of the relevant provision of the Political Declaration of the Eighth Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Harare from 1 to 6 September 1986, Noting with appreciation the efforts of the Special Committee to disclose the increasing collaboration between Israel and South Africa, Reiterating that the increasing collaboration by Israel with the racist regime of South Africa, especially in the economic, military and nuclear fields, in defiance of resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council, is a serious hindrance to international action for the eradication of apartheid, an encouragement to the racist regime of South Africa to persist in its criminal policy of apartheid and a hostile act against the oppressed people of South Africa and the entire African continent and constitutes a threat to international peace and security,

1. Again strongly condemns the continuing and increasing collaboration of Israel with the racist regime of South Africa, especially in the economic, military and nuclear fields;

2. Demands that Israel desist from and terminate forthwith all forms of collaboration with South Africa, particularly in the economic, military and nuclear fields, and abide scrupulously by the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council;

3. Calls upon all Governments and organizations in a position to do so to exert their influence to persuade Israel to desist from such collaboration;

4. Commends the Special Committee against Apartheid for publicizing information on the growing relations between Israel and South Africa and promoting public awareness of the grave dangers of the alliance between Israel and South Africa;

5. Requests the Special Committee to continue to publicize, as widely as possible, information on the relations between Israel and South Africa;

6. Requests the Secretary-General to render, through the Department of Public Information and the Centre against Apartheid of the Secretariat, all possible assistance to the Special Committee in disseminating information relating to the collaboration between Israel and South Africa;

7. Further requests the Special Committee to keep the matter under constant review and to report to the General Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate.

D

Programme of Work of the Special Committee against Apartheid

The General Assembly, Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid,

1. Commends the Special Committee against Apartheid for its vigorous efforts to promote and strengthen concerted international action in support of the legitimate aspirations of the oppressed people of South Africa as a significant part of implementing relevant United Nations resolutions;

2. Endorses the recommendations contained in paragraphs 222 to 226 of the report of the Special Committee relating to its programme of work and activities to promote the international campaign against apartheid;

3. Supports the efforts of the Special Committee to give effect to the recommendations contained in the Declaration adopted by the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa so as to broaden the ever-growing international consensus in favour of comprehensive and mandatory sanctions;

4. Authorizes the Special Committee to organize, co-sponsor or participate in conferences, seminars, hearings and other activities and events that will deepen knowledge of the various aspects of apartheid in order to foster as active and action-oriented a political commitment as it may deem necessary for the discharge of its responsibilities, within the financial resources allocated under the present resolution, and requests the Secretary-General to provide the necessary staff and services for such activities;

5. Further authorizes the Special Committee to hold consultations with and to send missions to Governments, parliaments, legislative institutions, intergovernmental, non-governmental and other organizations as appropriate, in order to strengthen co-ordinated and effective action against apartheid and to promote a peaceful and speedy transition to a non-racial and democratic system in a united South Africa;

6. Decides to make a special allocation of $375,000 to the Special Committee for 1987 from the regular budget of the United Nations to cover the cost of special projects to be decided upon by the Committee in order to promote the international campaign against apartheid;

7. Again requests Governments and organizations to make voluntary contributions or provide other assistance for the special projects of the Special Committee and to make generous contributions to the Trust Fund for Publicity against Apartheid.

E

Status of the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports

The General Assembly, Recalling its resolution 40/64 G of 10 December 1985, by which it adopted and opened for signature and ratification the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports, Bearing in mind the recommendations of the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa, in which States are urged to consider acceding to the Convention, Considering that all forms of collaboration, including those in the field of sports, with racist South Africa bolster the regime in its attempts to break its international isolation, Convinced that the Convention, together with the International Covenants on Human Rights and the International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid, would be important instruments towards the isolation of the racist regime of South Africa, Commending athletes who have demonstrated solidarity with the oppressed people of South Africa by complying with the sports boycott of racist South Africa, Welcoming the signing by a significant number of States of the Convention,

1. Reaffirms that the racist regime of South Africa must be isolated in all fields, including that of sports;

2. Expresses its satisfaction at the significant number of States that have signed and ratified the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports since it was solemnly opened for signature, ratification and accession on 16 May 1986;

3. Appeals to those States that have not yet done so to sign and ratify or accede to the Convention without further delay;

4. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at its forty-second session a report on the status of the Convention.

F

Oil Embargo against South Africa

The General Assembly, Having considered the report of the Special Committee against Apartheid, Recalling its resolutions concerning an oil embargo against South Africa, Welcoming the Declaration adopted by the United Nations Seminar on Oil Embargo against South Africa, held at Oslo from 4 to 6 June 1986, and the relevant provisions of the Declaration adopted by the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa, Convinced that an effective oil embargo against South Africa would complement the arms embargo in preventing aggression by the apartheid regime, its repression of the oppressed people of South Africa and Namibia and its attacks against neighbouring States, Noting that while oil-exporting States have committed themselves to an oil embargo against South Africa very few major shipping States have done so, Taking note of the recommendation of the Seminar that an intergovernmental mechanism should be established under the auspices of the United Nations to monitor compliance with the oil embargo, Commending action taken by labour unions, student groups and anti-apartheid organizations against companies involved in the violation of the oil embargo against South Africa, and for the enforcement of the embargo,

1. Takes note with appreciation of the Declaration adopted by the United Nations Seminar on Oil Embargo against South Africa and commends it to the attention of all States;

2. Takes note with satisfaction of the relevant provisions of the Declaration adopted by the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa pertaining to oil and petroleum products;

3. Urges the Security Council to take action urgently to impose a mandatory embargo on the supply and shipping of oil and petroleum products to South Africa;

4. Requests all States concerned, pending a decision by the Security Council, to adopt effective measures and/or legislation to broaden the scope of the oil embargo in order to ensure the complete cessation of the supply and shipping of oil and petroleum products to South Africa and Namibia, whether directly or indirectly, in particular:

(a) To apply strictly the "end users" clause and other conditions concerning restriction on destination to ensure compliance with the embargo;

(b) To compel the companies originally selling or purchasing oil or petroleum products, as appropriate for each nation, to desist from selling, reselling or otherwise transferring oil and petroleum products to South Africa and Namibia, whether directly or indirectly;

(c) To establish strict control over the supply of oil and petroleum products to South Africa and Namibia by intermediaries, oil companies and traders by placing responsibility for the fulfilment of the contract on the first buyer or seller of oil and petroleum products who would, therefore, be liable for the actions of these parties;

(d) To prevent access by South Africa to other sources of energy, including the supply of raw materials, technical know-how, financial assistance and transport;

(e) To prohibit all assistance to apartheid South Africa, including the provision of finance, technology, equipment or personnel for the prospecting, development or production of hydrocarbon resources, the construction or operation of oil-from-coal plants or the development and operation of plants producing fuel substitutes and additives such as ethanol and methanol;

(f) To prevent South African corporations from maintaining or expanding their holdings in oil companies or properties outside South Africa;

(g) To terminate the transport of oil to South Africa by ships flying their flags, or by ships that are ultimately owned, managed or chartered by their nationals or by companies within their jurisdiction;

(h) To develop a system for registration of ships, registered or owned by their nationals, that have unloaded oil in South Africa in contravention of embargoes imposed;

(i) To impose penal action against companies and individuals that have been involved in violating the oil embargo;

(j) To gather, exchange and disseminate information regarding violations of the oil embargo;

5. Decides to establish an Intergovernmental Group to Monitor the Supply and Shipping of Oil and Petroleum Products to South Africa;

6. Authorizes the President of the General Assembly, in consultation with the chairmen of regional groups and the Chairman of the Special Committee against Apartheid, to appoint eleven Member States as members of the Intergovernmental Group on the basis of equitable geographical distribution and to ensure representation of oil-exporting States and shipping States;

7. Requests the Intergovernmental Group to submit to the General Assembly at its forty-second session a report on the implementation of the present resolution and, in particular, the monitoring of the supply and shipment of oil and petroleum products to South Africa;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to extend all necessary assistance to the Special Committee and to the Intergovernmental Group in the implementation of the present resolution and, in particular, to facilitate the monitoring of the oil embargo as recommended in the Declaration adopted by the United Nations Seminar on Oil Embargo against South Africa.

G

United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa

The General Assembly, Recalling its earlier resolutions on the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa, in particular resolution 40/64 H of 10 December 1985, Having considered the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa, to which is annexed the report of the Committee of Trustees of the Trust Fund, Gravely concerned at the reimposition of the state of emergency, now nation-wide, in South Africa and the unprecedented repression of several thousands of opponents of apartheid, including leaders of democratic political mass organizations, community and church leaders, students and trade unionists, Alarmed by the increasing number of political trials and detentions and the harsh sentences, including the death penalty, imposed on opponents of apartheid, Reaffirming that increased humanitarian and legal assistance by the international community to those persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South Africa and Namibia is essential at this critical juncture to meet the rapidly increasing needs for such assistance, Strongly convinced that increased contributions to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies concerned are necessary to enable them to meet the growing needs for humanitarian and legal assistance, l. Endorses the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa;

2. Expresses its appreciation to the Governments, organizations and individuals that have contributed to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering humanitarian and legal assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination;

3. Appeals for generous and increased contributions to the Trust Fund;

4. Also appeals for direct contributions to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa and Namibia;

5. Commends the Secretary-General and the Committee of Trustees of the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa for their persistent efforts to promote humanitarian and legal assistance to persons persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South Africa and Namibia, as well as assistance to their families and to refugees from South Africa.

H

Concerted International Action for the Elimination of Apartheid

The General Assembly, Alarmed by the aggravation of the situation in South Africa caused by the policy of apartheid, and lately in particular by the reimposition of the state of emergency and its extension nation-wide, Convinced that the root-cause of the crisis in southern Africa is the policy of apartheid, Noting with grave concern that in order to perpetuate apartheid in South Africa the authorities there have increasingly committed acts of aggression and breaches of the peace, Convinced that only the total eradication of apartheid and the establishment of majority rule on the basis of the free and fair exercise of universal adult suffrage can lead to a peaceful and lasting solution in South Africa, Noting that the so-called reforms in South Africa have the effect of further entrenching the apartheid system and further dividing the people of South Africa, Recognizing that the policy of bantustanization deprives the majority of the people of their citizenship and makes them foreigners in their own country, Recognizing the responsibility of the United Nations and the international community to take all necessary action for the eradication of apartheid, and, in particular, the need for increased and effective pressure on the South African authorities as a peaceful means of achieving the abolition of apartheid, Encouraged, in this context, by the growing international consensus, as demonstrated by the adoption of Security Council resolution 569 (1985) of 26 July 1985, and the increase in and expansion of national, regional and intergovernmental measures to this end, Taking note of the Declaration adopted by the World Conference on Sanctions against Racist South Africa, Convinced of the vital importance of the strict observance of Security Council resolution 418 (1977) of 4 November 1977, by which the Council instituted a mandatory arms embargo against South Africa, and Security Council resolution 558 (1984) of 13 December 1984 concerning the import of arms, ammunition and military vehicles produced in South Africa, and of the need to make these embargoes fully effective, Commending the national policies not to sell and export oil to South Africa, Considering that measures to ensure effective and scrupulous implementation of such embargoes through international co-operation are essential and urgent, Noting with deep concern that, through a combination of military and economic pressures, in violation of international law, the authorities of South Africa have increasingly resorted to economic reprisals and aggression against, and destabilization of the neighbouring States, Considering that contacts between apartheid South Africa and the front-line and other neighbouring States, necessitated by geography, colonial legacy and other reasons, should not be used by other States as a pretext for legitimizing the apartheid system or justifying attempts to break the international isolation of that system, Convinced that the existence of apartheid will continue to lead to ever-increasing resistance by the oppressed people, by all possible means, and increased tension and conflict that will have far-reaching consequences for southern Africa and the world, Convinced that policies of collaboration with the apartheid regime, instead of respect for the legitimate aspirations of the genuine representatives of the great majority of the people, will encourage its repression and aggression against neighbouring States and defiance of the United Nations, Expressing its full support for the legitimate aspiration of African States and peoples, and of the Organization of African Unity, for the total liberation of the continent of Africa from colonialism and racism,

1. Strongly condemns the policy of apartheid which deprives the majority of the South African population of their citizenship, fundamental freedoms and human rights;

2. Strongly condemns the South African authorities for the killings, arbitrary mass arrests and the detention of members of mass organizations as well as individuals, the overwhelming majority of whom belong to the majority population, for opposing the apartheid system and the state of emergency;

3. Further condemns the overt and the covert aggressive actions, which South Africa has increasingly carried out for the destabilization of neighbouring States, as well as those aimed against refugees from South Africa and Namibia;

4. Demands that the authorities of South Africa:

(a) Release immediately and unconditionally Nelson Mandela and all other political prisoners, detainees and restrictees;

(b) Immediately lift the state of emergency;

(c) Abrogate discriminatory laws and lift bans on all organizations and individuals, as well as end restrictions on and censorship of news media;

(d) Grant freedom of association and full trade union rights to all workers of South Africa;

(e) Initiate without pre-conditions a political dialogue with genuine leaders of the majority population with a view to eradicating apartheid without delay and establishing a representative government;

(f) Eradicate the bantustan structures;

(g) Immediately withdraw all their troops from southern Angola and end the destabilization of front-line and other States;

5. Urges the Security Council to consider without delay the adoption of effective mandatory sanctions against South Africa;

6. Further urges the Security Council to take steps for the strict implementation of the mandatory arms embargo instituted by it in resolution 418 (1977) and of the arms embargo requested in its resolution 558 (1984) and, within the context of the relevant resolutions, to secure an end to military and nuclear co-operation with South Africa and the import of military equipment or supplies from South Africa;

7. Appeals to all States that have not yet done so, pending mandatory sanctions by the Security Council, to consider national legislative or other appropriate measures to increase the pressure on the apartheid regime of South Africa, such as:

(a) Cessation of further investment in, and financial loans to, South Africa;

(b) An end to all promotion of and support for trade with South Africa;

(c) Prohibition of the sale of Krugerrand and all other coins minted in South Africa;

(d) Cessation of all forms of military, police or intelligence co-operation with the authorities of South Africa, in particular the sale of computer equipment;

(e) An end to nuclear collaboration with South Africa;

(f) Cessation of export and sale of oil to South Africa;

8. Appeals to all States, organizations and institutions recognizing the pressing need, existing and potential, of South Africa's neighbouring States for economic assistance:

(a) To increase assistance to the front-line States and the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference in order to increase their economic strength and independence from South Africa;

(b) To increase humanitarian, legal, educational and other such assistance and support to the victims of apartheid, to the liberation movements recognized by the Organization of African Unity and to all those struggling against apartheid and for a non-racial, democratic society in South Africa;

9. Appeals to all Governments and organizations to take appropriate action for the cessation of all academic, cultural, scientific and sports relations that would support the apartheid regime of South Africa, as well as relations with individuals, institutions and other bodies endorsing or based on apartheid;

10. Commends those States that have already adopted voluntary measures against the apartheid regime of South Africa in accordance with General Assembly resolution 40/64 I of 10 December 1985 and invites those that have not yet done so to follow their example;

11. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa for the total eradication of apartheid and for the establishment of a non-racial, democratic society in which all the people, irrespective of race, colour or creed, enjoy fundamental freedoms and human rights;

12. Pays tribute to and expresses solidarity with organizations and individuals struggling against apartheid and for a non-racial, democratic society in accordance with the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;

13. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its forty-second session on the implementation of the present resolution.