Alternate approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms.

  The General Assembly, Recalling that in the Charter of the United Nations the peoples of the United Nations declared their determination to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, Recalling also the purposes and principles of the Charter to achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion, Emphasizing the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and of the International Covenants on Human Rights in promoting respect for an observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Recalling its resolution 32/130 of 16 December 1977, in which it decided that the approach to the future work within the United Nations system with respect to human rights questions should take into account the concepts set forth in that resolution, Recalling also its resolutions 34/46 of 23 November 1979, 35/174 of 15 December 1980 and 36/133 of 14 December 1981, Reiterating once again that the establishment of the new international economic order is an essential element for the effective promotion and the full enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, Reiterating also its profound conviction that all human rights and fundamental freedoms are indivisible and interdependent and that equal attention and urgent consideration should be given to the implementation, promotion and protection of both civil and political rights and economic, social and cultural rights, Underlining the need for the creation of conditions at the national and international levels for the promotion and full protection of the human rights of individuals and peoples, Welcoming the report of the working group of governmental experts on the right to development, established by the Commission on Human Rights, and the progress it has made to date, Underlining that the right to development is an inalienable human right, Recognizing that international peace and security are essential elements for the full realization of human rights, including the right to development, Considering that the resources which would be released by disarmament could contribute significantly to the development of all States, in particular of the developing countries, Recognizing also that co-operation among all nations on the basis of respect for the independence and sovereignty of each State, including the right of each people to choose its own socio-economic system, is essential for the promotion of peace and development, Acknowledging the progress achieved by the international community in the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms, Convinced that the primary aim of such international co-operation must be the achievement by each human being of a life of freedom and dignity and freedom from want, Affirming that the ultimate aim of development is the constant improvement of the well-being of the entire population on the basis of its full participation in the process of development and a fair distribution of the benefits therefrom,

1. Reiterates its request that the Commission on Human Rights continue its current work on the over-all analysis with a view to further promoting and improving human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the question of the Commission's programme and working methods, and on the over-all analysis of the alternative approaches and ways and means for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms, in accordance with the provisions of General Assembly resolution 32/130 and the concepts set forth therein, bearing in mind also other relevant texts;

2. Reaffirms that it is of paramount importance for the promotion of human rights and fundamental freedoms that Member States should undertake specific obligations through accession to, or ratification of, international instruments in this field and, consequently, that the standard-setting work within the United Nations system in the field of human rights and the universal acceptance and implementation of the relevant international instruments should be encouraged;

3. Reiterates that the international community should accord, or continue to accord, priority to the search for solutions to mass and flagrant violations of human rights of the peoples and individuals affected by situations such as those described in paragraph 1 (e) of its resolution 32/130, paying due attention also to other situations of violations of human rights;

4. Affirms that the efforts of the United Nations and its Member States to promote and to protect civil and political rights, as well as economic, social and cultural rights, should continue;

5. Expresses its deep concern at the present situation with regard to the achievement of the objectives and goals for the establishment of the new international economic order and its adverse effects on the full realization of human rights and, in particular, the right to development;

6. Reaffirms that international peace and security are essential elements in the full realization of the right to development;

7. Declares that the right to development is an inalienable human right;

8. Emphasizes that the United Nations should give attention not only to the human rights aspects of development but also to the developmental aspects of human rights;

9. Considers it necessary that all Member States promote international co-operation on the basis of respect for the independence and sovereignty of each State, including the right of each people to choose its own socio-economic and political system, with a view to resolving international problems of an economic, social and humanitarian character;

10. Emphasizes that economic and political stability at the national and international levels will contribute to the full enjoyment, promotion and observance of the human rights of peoples and individuals;

11. Reaffirms also that, in order to ensure the full enjoyment of all rights and complete personal dignity, it is necessary to promote the right to education and the right to work, health and proper nourishment, through adoption of measures at the national level, including those that provide for the right of workers to participate in management, as well as adoption of measures at the international level, including the establishment of the new international economic order;

12. Requests the Commission on Human Rights to take the necessary measures to promote the right to development, taking into account the results achieved by the working group of governmental experts on the right to development, and welcomes the decision of the Commission, in its resolution 1982/17 of 9 March 1982, that the working group should continue its work with the aim of presenting as soon as possible a draft resolution on the right to development;

13. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its thirty-eighth session the item entitled "Alternative approaches and ways and means within the United Nations system for improving the effective enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms".