Mongolia: Treatment of political activists who support human rights, democracy and independence for the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) of China, including reports of support for the Inner Mongolian People's Party (IMPP), the names of local leaders and any political events/activities; whether a local branch of the Mongolian Democratic Movement was created at/affiliated to the Research Institute of Physics and Technology; reports of the presence of Chinese authorities/covert agents monitoring anti-Chinese activities; reports of activists being threatened/ harmed by the Chinese while in Mongolia; and the state protection available to those political activists targeted by the Chinese (from 1993-September 1999)
| Publisher | Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada |
| Author | Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Canada |
| Publication Date | 15 September 1999 |
| Citation / Document Symbol | MNG32672.E |
| Reference | 5 |
| Cite as | Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Mongolia: Treatment of political activists who support human rights, democracy and independence for the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) of China, including reports of support for the Inner Mongolian People's Party (IMPP), the names of local leaders and any political events/activities; whether a local branch of the Mongolian Democratic Movement was created at/affiliated to the Research Institute of Physics and Technology; reports of the presence of Chinese authorities/covert agents monitoring anti-Chinese activities; reports of activists being threatened/ harmed by the Chinese while in Mongolia; and the state protection available to those political activists targeted by the Chinese (from 1993-September 1999), 15 September 1999, MNG32672.E, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ad6c7c.html [accessed 17 September 2023] |
| Disclaimer | This is not a UNHCR publication. UNHCR is not responsible for, nor does it necessarily endorse, its content. Any views expressed are solely those of the author or publisher and do not necessarily reflect those of UNHCR, the United Nations or its Member States. |
No information on thetreatment of political activists who support human rights, democracy and independence for the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) of China, including reports of support for the Inner Mongolian People's Party, the names of local leaders and any political events/activities; whether a local branch of the Mongolian Democratic Movement was created at/affiliated to the Research Institute of Physics and Technology; reports of the presence of Chinese authorities/covert agents monitoring anti-Chinese activities; reports of activists being threatened/harmed by the Chinese while in Mongolia; and the state protection available to those political activists targeted by the Chinese, could be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate.
Mongolia and China have a pact in which both countries have agreed "not to interfere in each other's domestic affairs" (World Tibet Network News 29 Feb. 1996).
The Inner Mongolian People's Party (IMPP) is a pro-independence movement that was established in Princeton, New Jersey, on 23 March 1997 (FOTW 19 Feb. 1999). According to the IMPP Website, the IMPP chairman is living in Germany, while the IMPP vice chairman, secretary general, assistant to the secretary general and director are all living in the US (IMPP n.d.). However, to commemorate the fifty years of the Chinese "occupation" of Inner Mongolia, the IMPP scheduled world-wide protests, including a sit-down protest in front of China's embassy to Mongolia on 1 May 1997 in Ulaanbaatar (Ulan Bator) (CACCP 29 Apr. 1997; IMPP 25 Apr. 1997). The Research Directorate was unable to determine whether or not the Ulaanbaatar protest took place, and if so, how the Mongolian and/or Chinese authorities reacted to it.
In early June 1999 on the 10th anniversary of Tiananmen Square, a few Mongolian protesters burned a Chinese flag near the Chinese embassy in Ulaanbaatar and demanded that the Chinese authorities release imprisoned human rights activists and give freedom to Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang (IMPP 4 June 1999). The Research Directorate was unable to obtain information on how the Mongolian and/or Chinese authorities reacted to these protesters.
This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints. This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Please find below the list of additional sources consulted in researching this Information Request.
Citizens Against Communist Chinese Propaganda (CADDP). 29 April 1997. Report on the IMPP Demonstrations.
Flags of the World (FOTW). 19 February 1999. Inner Mongolian People's Party.
Inner Mongolian People's Party (IMPP). n.d. Who Are the IMPP People?
_____. 4 June 1999. Mongolians Burn Chinese Flag in Tiananmen Protest.
_____. 25 April 1997. Press Release.
World Tibet Network News. 29 Feb. 1996. Irja Halasz. "Human Rights Activists in Mongolia Call for Help and Support for the Peoples of Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang."
Additional Sources Consulted
The Europa World Year Book. Yearly. 1998, 1999.
Inner Mongolian People's Party Website.
Jane's International Police Review [Surrey]. Bi-monthly. September/October 1997-November/December 1997, May/June 1998, September/October 1998.
Jane's International Review [Surrey]. Monthly. December 1995-February 1999, May 1999-August 1999.
Jane's International Review: Special Report [Surrey]. Infrequent reports. 1995-1999.
Police Studies: The International Review of Police Development [Bradford]. Quarterly. 1996.
Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management [Bradford]. Quarterly. 1997-1999.
Political Handbook of the World 1998. 1998.
Principia College. N.d. John Williams, Democracy in Development: The Case of Post-Communist Mongolia.
Resource Centre. "Mongolia" country file. 1993-present.
_____. "Mongolia: Amnesty International" country file. 1995-present.
Electronic sources: Internet, IRB Databases, NEXIS.