Legal Information
The Refworld legal collection has been designed primarily as a tool for disseminating and promoting (international) law relating to refugees, asylum seekers, stateless persons and other persons of concern to UNHCR.
UNHCR staff, refugee lawyers, all those involved with refugee-status determination within Governments, and others concerned with the rights of refugees and asylum seekers, can find a wealth of relevant documents in the collection. Included in the collection is a unique jurisprudence collection, covering more than 40 national jurisdictions, and a vast amount of international judgments and decisions from the United Nations, the European Court of Human Rights and other international and regional courts. A comprehensive collection of international instruments relating to refugees and human rights, with the most recent lists of States Parties to key conventions, is also available. The legislation collection, contains national and international legislation relevant in assessing asylum claims and is the largest collection of its kind. Finally, Refworld contains many special agreements, such as memoranda of understanding, host-country agreements and voluntary repatriation agreements.
- Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission (AIHRC) 1
- Africa - Miscellaneous 3
- African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 20
- African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACERWC) 1
- African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights 2
- African Union 25
- Americas - Miscellaneous 19
- Amnesty International 17
- Arabic/Islamic - Miscellaneous 8
- Argentina: Corte Suprema de Justicia 12
- Argentina: Cámara Nacional Electoral 1
- Article 19 29
- Asia - Miscellaneous 2
- Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) 5
- Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) 4
- Australia: Administrative Appeals Tribunal 3
- Australia: Family Court 1
- Australia: Federal Court 386
- Australia: Federal Magistrates Court 181
- Australia: High Court 52
- Australia: Immigration Review Tribunal 5
- Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal 801
- Australian Human Rights Commission (AHRC) 1
- Austria: Asylum Court (Asylgerichtshof) 5
- Austria: Federal Constitutional Court (Verfassungsgerichtshof) 5
- Austria: Higher Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) 24
- Austria: Independent Administrative Senate 3
- Austria: Independent Federal Asylum Review Board (UBASG) 3
- Austria: Supreme Court 3
- Azerbaijan: Jalilabad District Court 1
- Bangladesh: Supreme Court 2
- Belarus: District Courts 2
- Belarus: Supreme Court 1
- Belgium: Chambre de recours de Brabant 1
- Belgium: Commission permanente de recours des réfugiés (see: Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers) 18
- Belgium: Conseil d'État 14
- Belgium: Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers 33
- Belgium: Cour constitutionnelle 4
- Belgium: Cour d'Appel de Bruxelles 1
- Belgium: Cour de cassation 6
- Belgium: Cour du travail, Liège 1
- Belgium: Tribunal civil, Liège 1
- Bolivia: Corte Suprema de Justicia 2
- Bolivia: Tribunal Constitucional 1
- Bosnia and Herzegovina: Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina 28
- Botswana: High Court 1
- Bulgaria: Supreme Administrative Court 9
- Canada: Court of Appeal for Ontario 2
- Canada: Courts of Appeal 2
- Canada: Federal Court 660
- Canada: Federal Court of Appeal 90
- Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada 94
- Canada: Provincial / Territorial Superior Courts 1
- Canada: Supreme Court 45
- Canada: Supreme Court of British Columbia 1
- Canadian Council for Refugees 1
- Center for Gender & Refugee Studies 15
- Colombia: Consejo de Estado 7
- Colombia: Corte Constitucional 58
- Colombia: Corte Suprema de Justicia 3
- Colombia: Juzgado Segundo Penal Municipal 1
- Comité Belge d'Aide aux Réfugiés / Belgisch Comité voor Hulp aan Vluchtelingen 5
- Commission for Real Property Claims of Displaced Persons and Refugees 1
- Commonwealth of Independent States 2
- Costa Rica: Corte Suprema de Justicia 86
- Council of Europe 125
- Council of Europe: Commissioner for Human Rights 4
- Council of Europe: Committee for the Prevention of Torture 1
- Council of Europe: Committee of Ministers 77
- Council of Europe: European Commission Against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) 43
- Council of Europe: European Commission on Human Rights 80
- Council of Europe: European Committee of Social Rights 12
- Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights 925
- Council of Europe: Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings 5
- Council of Europe: Parliamentary Assembly 74
- Council of Europe: Secretariat of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities 3
- Czech Republic: Constitutional Court 1
- Czech Republic: Prague City Court 2
- Czech Republic: Regional Court of Ceské Budejovice 1
- Czech Republic: Superior Court 6
- Czech Republic: Supreme Administrative Court 8
- Danish Refugee Council 1
- Denmark: Danish Immigration Service 1
- Diplomatic Conference for the Adoption of a Convention on Cluster Munitions 1
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) 16
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS): Community Court of Justice 2
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS): ECOWAS Commission 1
- Ecuador: Tribunal Constitucional 5
- El Salvador: Corte Suprema de Justicia 2
- Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission 1
- Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission 2
- Europe - Miscellaneous 7
- European Council on Refugees and Exiles 1
- European Union 56
- European Union: Council of the European Union 78
- European Union: Court of First Instance 1
- European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union 54
- European Union: European Agency for Fundamental Rights 12
- European Union: European Commission 34
- European Union: European Parliament 3
- Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia 3
- Finland: Asylum Appeals Board 6
- Finland: Directorate of Immigration 3
- Finland: Helsinki Administrative Court 4
- Finland: Supreme Administrative Court 7
- France: Commission des Recours des Réfugiés (CRR) 390
- France: Conseil d'Etat 208
- France: Cour administrative 2
- France: Cour de Cassation 2
- France: Cour nationale du droit d'asile 45
- France: Sénat 1
- France: Tribunal Administratif 1
- France: Tribunal de grande instance 1
- G8 1
- Geneva Declaration Secretariat 2
- Georgia: Constitutional Court 1
- Germany: Bundesamt für die Anerkennung ausländischer Flüchtlinge 4
- Germany: Bundesverfassungsgericht 36
- Germany: Bundesverwaltungsgericht 42
- Germany: Oberverwaltungsgericht 5
- Germany: Sozialgericht 1
- Germany: Verfassungsgericht 1
- Germany: Verwaltungsgericht 68
- Global Commission on International Migration (GCIM) 66
- Greece: Administrative Court (First Instance) of Athens 1
- Greece: Council of State 29
- Greece: Courts of Appeal 3
- Greece: Criminal Courts (First Instance) 4
- Greece: Supreme Court 5
- Guatemala: Corte de Apelaciones 1
- Guatemala: Corte de Constitutionalidad 1
- Hague Conference on Private International Law 4
- HelpAge International 2
- Hong Kong: Court of Final Appeal 5
- Hong Kong: District Court 2
- Hong Kong: High Court 82
- Hong Kong: Supreme Court 1
- Human Rights Watch 12
- Humanitarian Issues Working Group 3
- Humanitarian Practice Network 1
- Hungarian Helsinki Committee 5
- Hungary: Municipal Court of Budapest 2
- Hungary: Supreme Court 1
- Immigration Law Practitioners' Association (ILPA) 1
- India: Cantonment Courts 1
- India: High Courts 17
- India: Magistrate Courts 14
- India: Supreme Court 17
- Information Centre about Asylum and Refugees 1
- Inter-Agency 8
- Inter-Agency Standing Committee 1
- Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) 118
- Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACrtHR) 121
- Inter-Parliamentary Union 1
- Intergovernmental Conference on Emergency Telecommunications 1
- International Centre for Migration Policy 1
- International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 4
- International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) 7
- International Commission on Civil Status (ICCS) 5
- International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) 12
- International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners 2
- International Conference on Central American Refugees 1
- International Conferences (The Hague) 2
- International Court of Justice (ICJ) 62
- International Criminal Court (ICC) 10
- International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) 110
- International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) 126
- International Crisis Group (ICG) 1
- International Detention Coalition 1
- International Federation for Human Rights 2
- International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) 2
- International Labour Organization (ILO) 32
- International Law Association 6
- International Law Commission 9
- International Maritime Organization (IMO) 8
- International Refugee Consulting 3
- Interpol 3
- Ireland: High Court 117
- Ireland: Refugee Documentation Centre 21
- Ireland: Supreme Court 39
- Israel: Beer Sheva District Court 1
- Israel: Supreme Court 3
- Italy: Corte di Cassazione 3
- Italy: Courts of First Instance 1
- Japan: District Courts 6
- Japan: High Courts 2
- Japan: Supreme Court 1
- Jesuit Refugee Service 1
- League of Arab States 4
- League of Nations 18
- Legal Assistance through Refugee Clinics 1
- Liberty 10
- Malawi: High Court 1
- Malawi: Resident Magistrate Court Lilongwe 1
- Malaysia: High Court of Kuala Lumpur 1
- Malta: Constitutional Court 1
- Migrants Rights International 1
- Migration Policy Institute 1
- Minority Protection Association 1
- Moldova: Court of Centru Sector 1
- Moldova: Judicial Board for Criminal Cases of Chisinau Tribunal 6
- Namibia: High Court 3
- National Legislative Bodies 4,097
- Netherlands, The: Council of State (Raad van State) 2
- Netherlands, The: The Hague Court of Appeal 1
- Netherlands, The: The Hague District Court 10
- New Zealand: Court of Appeal 23
- New Zealand: High Court 28
- New Zealand: Immigration and Protection Tribunal 69
- New Zealand: Refugee Status Appeals Authority 590
- New Zealand: Supreme Court 6
- Nigeria: High Court of Justice of Borno State 1
- Norway: Borgarting Court of Appeal 1
- Norway: Supreme Court 5
- Open Society Institute (OSI) 12
- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development 2
- Organización Iberoamericana de Juventud 2
- Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 6
- Organization of African Unity 18
- Organization of American States 40
- Organization of the Islamic Conference 4
- Panama: Corte Suprema de Justicia 1
- Partnership in Action (PARinAC) 2
- People in Aid 1
- Peru: Corte Suprema 1
- Poland: Court of Appeal 1
- Poland: Department of Refugee and Asylum Proceedings 1
- Poland: High Administrative Court 2
- Poland: Provincial (Voivodship) Administrative Court 2
- Poland: Refugee Board 2
- Quaker Council for European Affairs 1
- Quaker United Nations Office 1
- REDRESS 16
- Romania: Bucharest Sector II Court 1
- Romania: Bucharest Sector IV Court 2
- Russian Federation: City Courts 11
- Russian Federation: Constitutional Court 1
- Russian Federation: District Courts 48
- Russian Federation: Municipal Courts 8
- Russian Federation: Regional Courts 4
- Russian Federation: Supreme Court 2
- Separated Children in Europe Programme 2
- Slovakia: Regional Court in Bratislava 5
- Slovenia: Constitutional Court 5
- Society for International Development - Netherlands Chapter 1
- South Africa: Constitutional Court 12
- South Africa: High Court 44
- South Africa: Refugee Appeal Board 3
- South Africa: Supreme Court of Appeal 9
- South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 3
- South Korea: Seoul District Court, 13th Administration 1
- Spain: Audiencia Nacional 3
- Spain: Audiencia Nacional; Sala de lo Contencioso Administrativo 11
- Spain: Tribunal Constitucional 4
- Spain: Tribunal Supremo 8
- Special Court for Sierra Leone 12
- Special Tribunal for Lebanon 2
- Sphere Project 1
- Sri Lanka: Supreme Court 1
- Sweden: Swedish Migration Board 2
- Switzerland: Commission suisse de recours en matière d 7
- Switzerland: Federal Court 58
- Switzerland: Federal Office for Migration 8
- Switzerland: Tribunal administratif fédéral 6
- The Equal Rights Trust 1
- Uganda: Court of Appeal/Constitutional Court 1
- Uganda: High Court 1
- Uganda: Supreme Court 1
- Ukraine: District Courts 7
- UN Ad Hoc Committee on Refugees and Stateless Persons 175
- UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) 5
- UN Commission on Human Rights 1,809
- UN Committee Against Torture (CAT) 176
- UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) 20
- UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) 24
- UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 24
- UN Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) 1
- UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 17
- UN Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons 347
- UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations 1
- UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 28
- UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 21
- UN General Assembly 5,828
- UN High Commissioner for Refugees 754
- UN Human Rights Committee (HRC) 190
- UN Human Rights Council 148
- UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) 1
- UN Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS 3
- UN Mine Action Service 1
- UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) 5
- UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 10
- UN Office on Drugs and Crime 4
- UN Peacebuilding Commission 1
- UN Population Fund 1
- UN Secretary-General (UNSG) 2
- UN Security Council 1,836
- UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights 30
- United Kingdom: Asylum and Immigration Tribunal / Immigration Appellate Authority 789
- United Kingdom: Court of Appeal (England and Wales) 742
- United Kingdom: Court of Appeal (Northern Ireland) 3
- United Kingdom: Court of Session (Scotland) 128
- United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) 681
- United Kingdom: High Court (Northern Ireland) 10
- United Kingdom: Home Office 1
- United Kingdom: House of Lords (Judicial Committee) 76
- United Kingdom: Parliament, Joint Committee on Human Rights 1
- United Kingdom: Privy Council (Judicial Committee) 7
- United Kingdom: Special Immigration Appeals Commission (SIAC) 31
- United Kingdom: Supreme Court 23
- United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) 101
- United Nations 31
- United Nations International Human Rights Instruments 1
- United States Attorney-General 8
- United States Board of Immigration Appeals 75
- United States Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services 6
- United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants 1
- United States Congressional Research Service 5
- United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit 22
- United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit 50
- United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit 35
- United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit 35
- United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit 32
- United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit 30
- United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 500
- United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit 49
- United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit 85
- United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit 49
- United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit 37
- United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit 37
- United States District Courts 15
- United States Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) 6
- United States Office of International Affairs 1
- United States Office of the General Counsel 1
- United States President 1
- United States Supreme Court 93
- United States: Supreme Court of California 2
- University of Michigan Law School 9
- World Organisation Against Torture 1
- Zimbabwe: Supreme Court 6
- Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 49
- Case Law 10,558
- Case Law Compilations/Analyses 70
- Commentaries 95
- Comments on National Legislation 12
- Compilations 1
- Conclusions on International Protection 222
- Conference Reports 2
- Country Profiles 1
- Country Reports 2
- Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 1
- Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 150
- Decisions 16
- Fact Finding Reports 1
- General Comments/Recommendations 98
- Handbooks/Manuals 7
- International Legal Instruments 35
- Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 443
- Legislative History / Travaux Préparatoires 643
- Memoranda of Understanding 24
- Model Laws 3
- Multilateral Treaties/Agreements 463
- National Legislation 4,067
- National Legislation Compilations/Analyses 45
- Operational Guidelines 2
- Policy/Position Papers 4
- Regional Legislation 106
- Research, Background and Discussion Papers 23
- Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 9,800
- Sessional Reports 5
- Speeches/Statements 7
- States Parties Reports 1
- Thematic Guidelines 25
- Thematic Reports 26
- Training Manuals 1
- Afghanistan 471
- Albania 107
- Algeria 177
- American Samoa 25
- Andorra 7
- Angola 147
- Anguilla 14
- Antigua and Barbuda 8
- Argentina 126
- Armenia 95
- Australia 1,617
- Austria 182
- Azerbaijan 69
- Bahamas 13
- Bahrain 22
- Bangladesh 157
- Barbados 11
- Belarus 73
- Belgium 209
- Belize 15
- Benin 32
- Bermuda 20
- Bhutan 12
- Bolivia 75
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 369
- Botswana 14
- Brazil 69
- British Virgin Islands 22
- Brunei Darussalam 7
- Bulgaria 102
- Burkina Faso 30
- Burundi 74
- Cambodia 89
- Cameroon 63
- Canada 987
- Cape Verde 17
- Cayman Islands 24
- Central African Republic 23
- Chad 36
- Chile 89
- China 589
- Cocos (Keeling) Islands 9
- Colombia 377
- Comoros 5
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the 261
- Congo, Republic of the 46
- Cook Islands 4
- Costa Rica 181
- Croatia 181
- Cuba 68
- Cyprus 166
- Czech Republic 87
- Côte d'Ivoire 121
- Denmark 46
- Djibouti 17
- Dominica 8
- Dominican Republic 29
- Ecuador 59
- Egypt 95
- El Salvador 162
- Equatorial Guinea 5
- Eritrea 146
- Estonia 31
- Ethiopia 223
- Falkland Islands 1
- Fiji 104
- Finland 60
- France 879
- French Polynesia 1
- Gabon 10
- Gambia 30
- Georgia 113
- Germany 239
- Ghana 74
- Gibraltar 6
- Greece 140
- Greenland 1
- Grenada 16
- Guadeloupe 1
- Guam 40
- Guatemala 132
- Guinea 61
- Guinea-Bissau 31
- Guyana 14
- Haiti 121
- Holy See (Vatican City State) 4
- Honduras 52
- Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) 115
- Hungary 91
- Iceland 15
- India 388
- Indonesia 72
- Iran, Islamic Republic of 549
- Iraq 424
- Ireland 253
- Israel 118
- Italy 107
- Jamaica 50
- Japan 40
- Jordan 50
- Kazakhstan 31
- Kenya 85
- Kiribati 8
- Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 33
- Korea, Republic of 50
- Kuwait 62
- Kyrgyzstan 32
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 14
- Latvia 48
- Lebanon 209
- Lesotho 9
- Liberia 122
- Libya 88
- Liechtenstein 9
- Lithuania 51
- Luxembourg 19
- Macau (Special Administrative Region of China) 4
- Madagascar 11
- Malawi 20
- Malaysia 60
- Maldives 2
- Mali 40
- Malta 16
- Marshall Islands 2
- Mauritania 45
- Mauritius 9
- Mexico 288
- Micronesia, Federated States of 5
- Moldova, Republic of 63
- Monaco 10
- Mongolia 19
- Montenegro 131
- Montserrat 22
- Morocco 57
- Mozambique 34
- Myanmar 103
- Namibia 35
- Nauru 4
- Nepal 114
- Netherlands 160
- Netherlands Antilles 2
- New Caledonia 11
- New Zealand 740
- Nicaragua 172
- Niger 34
- Nigeria 241
- Niue 8
- Northern Mariana Islands 3
- Norway 25
- Occupied Palestinian Territory 244
- Oman 2
- Pakistan 271
- Palau 5
- Panama 32
- Papua New Guinea 10
- Paraguay 18
- Peru 120
- Philippines 87
- Pitcairn 19
- Poland 114
- Portugal 34
- Puerto Rico 2
- Qatar 9
- Romania 110
- Russian Federation 388
- Rwanda 327
- Saint Helena 20
- Saint Kitts and Nevis 7
- Saint Lucia 6
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 14
- Samoa 6
- San Marino 1
- Sao Tome and Principe 3
- Saudi Arabia 22
- Senegal 50
- Serbia 411
- Seychelles 12
- Sierra Leone 127
- Singapore 10
- Slovakia 54
- Slovenia 48
- Solomon Islands 13
- Somalia 320
- South Africa 183
- South Sudan 20
- Spain 138
- Sri Lanka 523
- Sudan 221
- Suriname 12
- Swaziland 7
- Sweden 142
- Switzerland 174
- Syrian Arab Republic 114
- Tajikistan 40
- Tanzania, United Republic of 31
- Thailand 39
- The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 105
- Timor-Leste (East Timor) 39
- Togo 45
- Tokelau 17
- Tonga 6
- Trinidad and Tobago 15
- Tunisia 72
- Turkey 450
- Turkmenistan 39
- Turks and Caicos Islands 24
- Tuvalu 6
- U.S. Virgin Islands 23
- Uganda 69
- Ukraine 116
- United Arab Emirates 14
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2,983
- United States of America 1,347
- Uruguay 39
- Uzbekistan 59
- Vanuatu 5
- Venezuela 59
- Viet Nam 137
- Wallis and Futuna 1
- Western Sahara Territory 42
- Yemen 41
- Zambia 28
- Zimbabwe 166
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